Fiber Optic Basics | Optical Fiber 101 | Corning

For years, we have operated within a culture of innovation that has positioned us as the world leader in specialty glass and ceramics. In 1970, we ignited the communications revolution by inventing the first low-loss optical fiber for use in telecommunications networks around the world. Since optical fiber was invented over 50 years ago, our ongoing product and process innovations have helped make possible ever-faster telecommunications networks that link neighborhoods, connect cities, and bridge continents.

Known for innovative design and practical applications, we have developed an array of single-mode fiber and multimode fiber products for all of today's applications. Single-mode fiber has a smaller core, allowing only one mode of light to move through it at a time. This streamlined design is used primarily in telephony applications, where the fiber needs high signal clarity over long distances. Multimode fiber has a larger core, allowing hundreds of modes to move through the fiber simultaneously. Multimode fiber is used primarily for data communications in enterprise networks, like campuses or buildings, where transmission distances are two kilometers or less.

Whether we’re filling a glass of water or washing our windshield, we take glass for granted as a functional yet fragile part of our everyday lives.

What are the myths – and the facts – behind optical fiber?

We realize tomorrow’s dreamers and innovators are critical to success. We are dedicated to equipping teachers and students with educational tools and sharing our knowledge about optical fiber. Learn about fiber optic basics, its composition, and its capabilities.